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Product Name PAK2 Chinese Name p21激活激酶2抗体 Alias C-t-PAK2; CB422; EC 2.7.11.1; Gamma PAK; Gamma-PAK; hPAK65; Kinase; p21 (CDKN1A) activated kinase 2; p21 (CDKN1A)-activated kinase 2a; p21 activated kinase 2; p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2; p21 protein Cdc42 Rac activated kinase 2; p21-activated kinase 2; p21-activated kinase, 65-KD; p21-activated protein kinase I; p21CDKN1A activated kinase 2; p34; PAK 2; PAK-2; PAK-2p34; PAK2_HUMAN; PAKgamma; S6 H4 kinase; S6/H4 kinase; Serine threonine protein kinase PAK 2; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK 2; Research Area Tumour immunology Signal transduction Apoptosis transcriptional regulatory factor Kinases and Phosphatases Immunogen Species Rabbit Clonality Polyclonal React Species Human, (predicted: Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, ) Applications WB=1:500-2000 ELISA=1:5000-10000 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500 (Paraffin sections need antigen repair)
not yet tested in other applications.
optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.Theoretical molecular weight 58kDa Cellular localization The nucleus cytoplasmic The cell membrane Form Liquid Concentration 1mg/ml immunogen KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human PAK2: 131-230/524 Lsotype IgG Purification affinity purified by Protein A Buffer Solution 0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol. Storage Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. Attention This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. PubMed PubMed Product Detail The p21 activated kinases (PAK) are critical effectors that link Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling. The PAK proteins are a family of serine/threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins, CDC42 and RAC1, and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. The protein encoded by this gene is activated by proteolytic cleavage during caspase mediated apoptosis, PAK2 also interacts with and is activated by HIV1 Nef.
Function:
Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Full-length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Phosphorylates JUN and plays an important role in EGF-induced cell proliferation. Phosphorylates many other substrates including histone H4 to promote assembly of H3.3 and H4 into nucleosomes, BAD, ribosomal protein S6, or MBP. Additionally, associates with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 to perform kinase-independent functions such as spindle orientation control during mitosis. On the other hand, apoptotic stimuli such as DNA damage lead to caspase-mediated cleavage of PAK2, generating PAK-2p34, an active p34 fragment that translocates to the nucleus and promotes cellular apoptosis involving the JNK signaling pathway. Caspase-activated PAK2 phosphorylates MKNK1 and reduces cellular translation.
Subunit:
Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1. Interacts with SH3MD4. Interacts with and activated by HIV-1 Nef. Interacts with SCRIB. Interacts with ARHGEF7 and GIT1. PAK-2p34 interacts with ARHGAP10.
Subcellular Location:
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2: Cytoplasm. Note=MYO18A mediates the cellular distribution of the PAK2-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex to the inner surface of the cell membrane. PAK-2p34: Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane; Lipid-anchor. Note=Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region. Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane.
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitously expressed. Higher levels seen in skeletal muscle, ovary, thymus and spleen.
Post-translational modifications:
Full length PAK2 is autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21. Following cleavage, both peptides, PAK-2p27 and PAK-2p34, become highly autophosphorylated, with PAK-2p27 being phosphorylated on serine and PAK-2p34 on threonine residues, respectively. Autophosphorylation of PAK-2p27 can occur in the absence of any effectors and is dependent on phosphorylation of Thr-402, because PAK-2p27 is acting as an exogenous substrate.
During apoptosis proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 or caspase-3-like proteases to yield active PAK-2p34.
Ubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation.
PAK-2p34 is myristoylated.
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
Contains 1 CRIB domain.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
SWISS:
Q13177
Gene ID:
5062
Database links:Entrez Gene: 5062 Human
Entrez Gene: 224105 Mouse
Omim: 605022 Human
SwissProt: Q13177 Human
SwissProt: Q8CIN4 Mouse
Unigene: 518530 Human
Unigene: 234204 Mouse
Unigene: 3840 Rat
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