Product Name	phospho-GSK3 Alpha + Beta (Tyr279+Tyr216)
Chinese Name	磷酸化糖原合酶激酶3α/β抗体
Alias	GSK3B(Phospho-Tyr279+Tyr216); GSK3B(Phospho-Y279/Y216); p-GSK-3 Beta(Tyr279+Tyr216); p-GSK-3 beta(Y279/Y216); Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta; GSK 3 beta; GSK 3B; GSK3B; GSK3B protein; GSK3beta isoform; GSK3 beta; Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta; GSK-3 beta; Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha; GSK3A; GSK-3 alpha; Serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3A; GSK3A_HUMAN; GSK3B_HUMAN.  GSK 3β; GSK 3 β; GSK-3β; GSK3β; GSK 3α; GSK 3 α; GSK-3α; GSK3α;
literatures	Specific References  (3)     |     SL2073R has been referenced in 3 publications. [IF=4.169] Cheng, Baixiang. et al. Distinctive Roles of Wnt Signaling in Chondrogenic Differentiation of BMSCs under Coupling of Pressure and Platelet-Rich Fibrin. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. 2022 Apr;:1-15  WB ;  Rabbit.   PubMed:35467329 [IF=3.33] Zhao, Hai-hua, et al. "Involvement of GSK3 and PP2A in ginsenoside Rb1's attenuation of aluminum-induced tau hyperphosphorylation." Behavioural Brain Research (2012).  WB, IHC-P ;  Mouse.   PubMed:23219964 [IF=3.024] J Song. et al. MSCs reduce airway remodeling in the lungs of asthmatic rats through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.. Eur Rev Med Pharmaco. 2020 Nov;24(21):11199-11211  WB ;  Rat.   PubMed:33215438
Product Type	Phosphorylated anti
Research Area	Cell biology  immunology  Neurobiology  Signal transduction  Apoptosis  transcriptional regulatory factor  Kinases and Phosphatases
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human, Mouse, Rat,  (predicted: Chicken, Dog, Pig, Cow, Horse, Rabbit, Sheep, Guinea Pig, )
Applications	WB=1:500-2000 ELISA=1:5000-10000 IHC-F=1:100-500 Flow-Cyt=1μg /test IF=1:100-500 （Paraffin sections need antigen repair） not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Theoretical molecular weight	47/51kDa
Cellular localization	The nucleus cytoplasmic The cell membrane
Form	Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated Synthesised phosphopeptide derived from human GSK-3 Beta around the phosphorylation site of Tyr216: VS(p-Y)IC
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Buffer Solution	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Attention	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
PubMed	PubMed
Product Detail	Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a proline directed serine threonine kinase that was initially identified as a phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase, a key enzyme in glycogen metabolism. Since then, it has been shown to be involved in the regulation of a diverse array of cellular functions, including protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, microtubule assembly/disassembly, and apoptosis. GSK3s substrate specificity is unique in that phosphorylation of substrate only occurs if a phosphoserine or phosphotyrosine is present four residues C terminal to the site of GSK phosphorylation. There exists two isoforms of GSK3, alpha and beta, and they show a high degree of amino acid homology. The two isoforms of GSK3 are strictly regulated via phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of GSK3 beta on Ser9 (Ser21 in GSK3 alpha) by protein kinase B (PKB) causes its inactivation is the primary mechanism responsible for growth factor inhibition of this kinase. Activation of GSK3 beta is dependent upon the phosphorylation of Tyr216 (Tyr279 in GSK3 alpha). Upon activation, it has been shown to phosphorylate a number of different cellular proteins, including p53, c-Myc, c-Jun, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), and cyclin D1. GSK3 beta also has been shown to phosphorylate aberrant sites on the microtubule associated protein tau, which is critical for the progression of Alzheimer's disease. GSK3B is involved in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. Function: Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), EIF2B, CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC, AXIN1, JUN, NFATC1/NFATC, MAPT/TAU and MACF1. Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates. In skeletal muscle, contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis. May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors. Regulates protein synthesis by controlling the activity of initiation factor 2B (EIF2BE/EIF2B5) in the same manner as glycogen synthase. In Wnt signaling, GSK3B forms a multimeric complex with APC, AXIN1 and CTNNB1/beta-catenin and phosphorylates the N-terminus of CTNNB1 leading to its degradation mediated by ubiquitin/proteasomes. Phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, thereby reducing its affinity for DNA. Phosphorylates NFATC1/NFATC on conserved serine residues promoting NFATC1/NFATC nuclear export, shutting off NFATC1/NFATC gene regulation, and thereby opposing the action of calcineurin. Phosphorylates MAPT/TAU on 'Thr-548', decreasing significantly MAPT/TAU ability to bind and stabilize microtubules. MAPT/TAU is the principal component of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease. Plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. Phosphorylates MACF1, inhibiting its binding to microtubules which is critical for its role in bulge stem cell migration and skin wound repair. Probably regulates NF-kappa-B (NFKB1) at the transcriptional level and is required for the NF-kappa-B-mediated anti-apoptotic response to TNF-alpha (TNF/TNFA). Negatively regulates replication in pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in apoptosis, loss of beta-cells and diabetes. Phosphorylates MUC1 in breast cancer cells, decreasing the interaction of MUC1 with CTNNB1/beta-catenin. Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth. Phosphorylates MARK2, leading to inhibit its activity. Phosphorylates SIK1 at 'Thr-182', leading to sustain its activity. Subunit: Monomer. Interacts with ARRB2 and DISC1. Interacts with CABYR, MMP2, MUC1, NIN and PRUNE Interacts with AXIN1; the interaction mediates hyperphosphorylation of CTNNB1 leading to its ubiquitination and destruction. Interacts with and phosphorylates SNAI1. Interacts with DNM1L (via a C-terminal domain). Found in a complex composed of MACF1, APC, AXIN1, CTNNB1 and GSK3B. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane. Note=The phosphorylated form shows localization to cytoplasm and cell membrane. The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway controls localization of the phosophorylated form to the cell membrane. Tissue Specificity: Expressed in testis, thymus, prostate and ovary and weakly expressed in lung, brain and kidney. Post-translational modifications: Phosphorylated by AKT1 and ILK1. Upon insulin-mediated signaling, the activated PKB/AKT1 protein kinase phosphorylates and desactivates GSK3B, resulting in the dephosphorylation and activation of GYS1. Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-216. Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. SWISS: P49841 Gene ID: 2932 Database links: Entrez Gene: 2932 Human Entrez Gene: 56637 Mouse Omim: 605004 Human SwissProt: P49841 Human SwissProt: Q9WV60 Mouse Unigene: 445733 Human Unigene: 394930 Mouse
Product Picture	Sample: Lane 1: Muscle (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 2: Liver (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 3: Cerebrum (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 4: Pancreas (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 5: Thymus (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 6: Muscle (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 7: Liver (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 8: Cerebrum (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 9: Pancreas (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 10: Thymus (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Lane 11: MCF-7 (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug Lane 12: A431 (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug Lane 13: U2os (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug Primary: Anti-phospho-GSK3 Alpha + Beta (Tyr279+Tyr216) (SL2073R) at 1/1000 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 47’51 kD Observed band size: 47 kD Sample: Lane1: Brain (Mouse) Lysate at 30 ug Lane2: Testis(Mouse) Lysate at 30 ug Primary: Anti-phospho-GSK3 Alpha + Beta (Tyr279+Tyr216) (SL2073R) at 1:300 dilution; Secondary: HRP conjugated Goat-Anti-rabbit IgG(SL0295G-HRP) at 1: 5000 dilution; Predicted band size:47/51 kD Observed band size:50 kD Positive control: RSC96 Isotype Control Antibody: Rabbit IgG; Secondary Antibody: Goat anti-rabbit IgG-FITC; Dilution: 1:200 in 1 X PBS containing 0.5% BSA Primary Antibody catalog number: SL2073R; Dilution: 3μL in 100 μl 1X PBS containing 0.5% BSA

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