Product Name	Anti-Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396)/RBITC
Chinese Name	罗丹明（RBITC）标记的磷酸化Interferon调节因子3
Alias	IRF3 (phospho S396); IRF3 (phospho Ser396); p-IRF3 (Ser396); p-IRF3 (S396); Interferon regulatory factor 3; IRF 3; IRF-3; IRF3; IRF3_HUMAN; MGC94729.
Product Type	Phosphorylated anti
Research Area	Tumour  immunology  Signal transduction  Apoptosis  transcriptional regulatory factor
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human, Rat,  (predicted: Mouse, Dog, Pig, Cow, Sheep, )
Applications	ICC=1:50-200 IF=1:50-200  not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Molecular weight	47kDa
Form	Lyophilized or Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated synthesised phosphopeptide derived from human IRF3 around the phosphorylation site of Ser396
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Storage Buffer	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Product Detail	background: This gene encodes a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. The encoded protein is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with CREBBP. This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2011]. Function: Mediates interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) promoter activation. Functions as a molecular switch for antiviral Key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune responses and plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses. Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. Acts as a more potent activator of the IFN-beta (IFNB) gene than the IFN-alpha (IFNA) gene and plays a critical role in both the early and late phases of the IFNA/B gene induction. Found in an inactive form in the cytoplasm of uninfected cells and following viral infection, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, becomes phosphorylated by IKBKE and TBK1 kinases. This induces a conformational change, leading to its dimerization and nuclear localization and association with CREB binding protein (CREBBP) to form dsRNA-activated factor 1 (DRAF1), a complex which activates the transcription of the type I IFN and ISG genes. Can activate distinct gene expression programs in macrophages and can induce significant apoptosis in primary macrophages. Subunit: Monomer. Homodimer; phosphorylation-induced. Heterodimer with IRF7. Interacts with CREBBP. May interact with MAVS. Interacts with IKBKE and TBK1. Interacts with TICAM1 and TICAM2. Interacts with rotavirus A NSP1 (via C-terminus); this interaction leads to the proteasome-dependent degradation of IRF3. Interacts with RBCK1. Interacts with TRIM21. Interacts with HERC5. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Shuttles between cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments, with export being the prevailing effect. When activated, IRF3 interaction with CREBBP prevents its export to the cytoplasm. Tissue Specificity: Expressed constitutively in a variety of tissues. Post-translational modifications: Constitutively phosphorylated on many serines residues. C-terminal serine/threonine cluster is phosphorylated in response of induction by IKBKE and TBK1. Ser-385 and Ser-386 may be specifically phosphorylated in response to induction. An alternate model propose that the five serine/threonine residues between 396 and 405 are phosphorylated in response to a viral infection. Phosphorylation, and subsequent activation of IRF3 is inhibited by vaccinia virus protein E3. Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination involves RBCK1 leading to proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated; ubiquitination involves TRIM21 leading to proteasomal degradation. ISGylated by HERC5 resulting in sustained IRF3 activation and in the inhibition of IRF3 ubiquitination by disrupting PIN1 binding. The phosphorylation state of IRF3 does not alter ISGylation. Similarity: Belongs to the IRF family. Contains 1 IRF tryptophan pentad repeat DNA-binding domain. Database links: Entrez Gene: 3661 Human Entrez Gene: 54131 Mouse Omim: 603734 Human SwissProt: Q14653 Human SwissProt: P70671 Mouse Unigene: 289052 Human Unigene: 75254 Human Unigene: 3960 Mouse Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. Interferon调节因子家族是一大类对Interferon起调控作用的转录因子的统称。 一般认为Interferon调节因子(IRF)通过调节Interferon的表达而行使其抗病毒、应激、免疫调节功能。近年来，研究人员发现IRF在Apoptosis、细胞周期、Cell differentiation、Tumour发生中也起着重要的调节作用。

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