Product Name	Anti-Axin1/PE-Cy5.5
Chinese Name	PE-Cy5.5标记的轴蛋白1抗体
Alias	AI316800; AXIN; Axin 1; Axin-1; axin1; AXIN1_HUMAN; Axis inhibition protein 1; Axis Inhibitor 1; Fu; fused; Fused, mouse, homolog of; hAxin; Kb; Ki; kinky; knobbly; MGC132911; MGC52315; PPP1R49; Protein Fused; Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 49.
Research Area	Cell biology  Signal transduction  Stem cells  Cyclin
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human,  (predicted: Mouse, Rat, Dog, Pig, Cow, Sheep, Guinea Pig, )
Applications	IF=1:50-200  not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Molecular weight	99kDa
Form	Lyophilized or Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Axin1
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Storage Buffer	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Product Detail	background: This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which contains a regulation of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain and a dishevelled and axin (DIX) domain. The encoded protein interacts with adenomatosis polyposis coli, catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, protein phosphate 2, and itself. This protein functions as a negative regulator of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 (WNT) signaling pathway and can induce apoptosis. The crystal structure of a portion of this protein, alone and in a complex with other proteins, has been resolved. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastomas, ovarian endometriod adenocarcinomas, and medullablastomas. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq] Function: Component of the beta-catenin destruction complex required for regulating CTNNB1 levels through phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and modulating Wnt-signaling. Controls dorsoventral patterning via two opposing effects; down-regulates CTNNB1 to inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway and ventralize embryos, but also dorsalizes embryos by activating a Wnt-independent JNK signaling pathway. In Wnt signaling, probably facilitates the phosphorylation of CTNNB1 and APC by GSK3B. Likely to function as a tumor suppressor. Facilitates the phosphorylation of TP53 by HIPK2 upon ultraviolet irradiation. Enhances TGF-beta signaling by recruiting the RNF111 E3 ubiquitin ligase and promoting the degradation of inhibitory SMAD7. Also component of the AXIN1-HIPK2-TP53 complex which controls cell growth, apoptosis and development. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane. MACF1 is required for its translocation to cell membrane. On UV irradiation, translocates to the nucleus and colocalizes with DAAX. Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitously expressed. Post-translational modifications: Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of AXIN1 regulates assembly and function of the beta-catenin complex. Phosphorylated by CK1 and GSK3B. Dephosphorylated by PPP1CA and PPP2CA. Phosphorylation by CK1 enhances binding of GSK3B to AXIN1. ADP-ribosylated by tankyrase TNKS and TNKS2. Poly-ADP-ribosylated protein is recognized by RNF146, followed by ubiquitination and subsequent activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Ubiquitinated by RNF146 when poly-ADP-ribosylated, leading to its degradation and subsequent activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Sumoylation at Lys-857 and Lys-860 prevents ubiquitination and degradation. Sumoylation is required for AXIN1-mediated JNK activation. Deubiquitinated by USP34, deubiquitinated downstream of beta-catenin stabilization step: deubiquitination is important for nuclear accumulation during Wnt signaling to positively regulate beta-catenin (CTNBB1)-mediated transcription. DISEASE: Defects in AXIN1 are involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [MIM:114550]. Defects in AXIN1 are a cause of caudal duplication anomaly (CADUA) [MIM:607864]. Caudal duplication anomaly is characterized by the occurrence of duplications of different organs in the caudal region. Note=Caudal duplication anomaly is associated with hypermethylation of the AXIN1 promoter. Similarity: Contains 1 DIX domain. Contains 1 RGS domain. Database links: Entrez Gene: 8312 Human Entrez Gene: 395786 Chicken Entrez Gene: 504357 Cow Entrez Gene: 100065116 Horse Entrez Gene: 12005 Mouse Entrez Gene: 79257 Rat Omim: 603816 Human SwissProt: O42400 Chicken SwissProt: O15169 Human SwissProt: O35625 Mouse SwissProt: O70239 Rat Unigene: 592082 Human Unigene: 23684 Mouse Unigene: 31781 Rat Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.

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