Product Name	Anti-Sumo 2/AF594
Chinese Name	AF594标记的Ubiquitin样蛋白Sumo2抗体
Alias	Small ubiquitin-related modifier 2; SUMO-2; HSMT3; SMT3 homolog 2; SUMO-3; Sentrin-2; Ubiquitin-like protein SMT3A; Smt3A; SUMO2_HUMAN.
Research Area	Cell biology  immunology  Apoptosis  Ubiquitin
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	(predicted: Human, Mouse, Rat, Pig, Cow, Rabbit, )
Applications	ICC=1:50-200 IF=1:50-200  not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Molecular weight	10.9kDa
Form	Lyophilized or Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Sumo 2
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Storage Buffer	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Product Detail	background: The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins, which include SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3, belong to the ubiquitin-like protein family. Like ubiquitin, the SUMO proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins that undergo processing before conjugation to target proteins. Also, both utilize the E1, E2, and E3 cascade enzymes for conjugation. However, SUMO and ubiquitin differ with respect to targeting. Ubiquitination predominantly targets proteins for degradation, whereas sumoylation targets proteins to a variety of cellular processing, including nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and protein stability. The unconjugated SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 proteins localize to the nuclear membrane, nuclear bodies and cytoplasm, respectively. SUMO-1 utilizes Ubc9 for conjugation to several target proteins, which include IkBa, MDM2, p53, PML and Ran GAP1. SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 contribute to a greater percentage of protein modification than does SUMO-1, and unlike SUMO-1, they can form polymeric chains. In addition, SUMO-3 regulates b-Amyloid generation and may be critical in the onset or progression of Alzheimer’s disease Function: Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins. Subunit: Homotrimer (Potential). Crystal packing analysis suggests a possible trimeric assembly, of which the biological significance remains to be determined. Interacts with SAE2 and UBE2I. Covalently attached to a number of proteins. Interacts with PELP1. Interacts with USP25; the interaction sumoylates USP25. Interacts with SIMC1, CASP8AP2, RNF111 AND SOBP (via SIM domains). Subcellular Location: Nucleus. Nucleus, PML body. Tissue Specificity: Broadly expressed. Post-translational modifications: Polymeric chains can be formed through Lys-11 cross-linking. Polymeric SUMO2 chains undergo 'Lys-6'-, 'Lys-11'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF4. Cleavage of precursor form by SENP1 or SENP2 is necessary for function. Similarity: Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily. Contains 1 ubiquitin-like domain. Database links: Entrez Gene: 6612 Human Entrez Gene: 6613 Human Entrez Gene: 170930 Mouse Entrez Gene: 20610 Mouse Entrez Gene: 397044 Pig Entrez Gene: 499417 Rat Entrez Gene: 690244 Rat Omim: 602231 Human Omim: 603042 Human SwissProt: P61955 Cow SwissProt: P55854 Human SwissProt: P61956 Human SwissProt: P61957 Mouse SwissProt: Q9Z172 Mouse SwissProt: P61958 Pig SwissProt: P61959 Rat SwissProt: Q5XIF4 Rat Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.

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