Product Name	Anti-AMPK alpha 1 (phospho T183) + AMPK alpha 2 (phospho T172)/AF594
Chinese Name	AF594标记的磷酸化腺苷单磷酸活化蛋白激酶α1抗体
Alias	AMPK alpha 1 (phospho T183) / AMPK alpha 2 (phospho T172); AMPK alpha 1 (phospho T183); phospho-AMPK alpha 1 (T183); phospho-AMPK alpha 1 (Thr183); phospho-AMPK alpha 2 (T172); phospho-AMPK alpha 2 (Thr172); 5''-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1; AAPK1_HUMAN; AAPK2_HUMAN; ACACA kinase; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase; AMPK alpha 1 chain; AMPK alpha 2 chain; AMPK; AMPK subunit alpha-1; AMPK1; AMPK2; HMGCR kinase; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase kinase; PRKAA; PRKAA1; PRKAA2; Protein kinase AMP activated alpha 1 catalytic subunit; Protein kinase AMP activated alpha 2 catalytic subunit; Tau-protein kinase PRKAA1.
Research Area	Tumour  Cell biology  Neurobiology  Signal transduction  Kinases and Phosphatases
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human, Mouse,  (predicted: Rat, Chicken, Dog, Cow, )
Applications	ICC=1:50-200 IF=1:50-200  not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Molecular weight	63kDa
Form	Lyophilized or Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated Synthesised phosphopeptide derived from human AMPK alpha 1 around the phosphorylation site of Thr183
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Storage Buffer	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C.
Product Detail	background: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ser/thr protein kinase family. It is the catalytic subunit of the 5'-prime-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a cellular energy sensor conserved in all eukaryotic cells. The kinase activity of AMPK is activated by the stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK regulates the activities of a number of key metabolic enzymes through phosphorylation. It protects cells from stresses that cause ATP depletion by switching off ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Function: Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Regulates lipid synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating lipid metabolic enzymes such as ACACA, ACACB, GYS1, HMGCR and LIPE; regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA and ACACB) and hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) enzymes, respectively. Regulates insulin-signaling and glycolysis by phosphorylating IRS1, PFKFB2 and PFKFB3. AMPK stimulates glucose uptake in muscle by increasing the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, possibly by mediating phosphorylation of TBC1D4/AS160. Regulates transcription and chromatin structure by phosphorylating transcription regulators involved in energy metabolism such as CRTC2/TORC2, FOXO3, histone H2B, HDAC5, MEF2C, MLXIPL/ChREBP, EP300, HNF4A, p53/TP53, SREBF1, SREBF2 and PPARGC1A. Acts as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver by phosphorylating CRTC2/TORC2, leading to CRTC2/TORC2 sequestration in the cytoplasm. In response to stress, phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of histone H2B (H2BS36ph), leading to promote transcription. Acts as a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation by phosphorylating TSC2, RPTOR and ATG1: in response to nutrient limitation, negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex by phosphorylating RPTOR component of the mTORC1 complex and by phosphorylating and activating TSC2. In response to nutrient limitation, promotes autophagy by phosphorylating and activating ULK1. AMPK also acts as a regulator of circadian rhythm by mediating phosphorylation of CRY1, leading to destabilize it. May regulate the Wnt signaling pathway by phosphorylating CTNNB1, leading to stabilize it. Also has tau-protein kinase activity: in response to amyloid beta A4 protein (APP) exposure, activated by CAMKK2, leading to phosphorylation of MAPT/TAU; however the relevance of such data remains unclear in vivo. Also phosphorylates CFTR, EEF2K, KLC1, NOS3 and SLC12A1. Subunit: AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), a beta (PRKAB1 or PRKAB2) and a gamma non-catalytic subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3). Interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=In response to stress, recruited by p53/TP53 to specific promoters. Post-translational modifications: Ubiquitinated. Phosphorylated at Thr-183 by STK11/LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRADA) pseudo kinase and CAB39. Also phosphorylated at Thr-183 by CAMKK2; triggered by a rise in intracellular calcium ions, without detectable changes in the AMP/ATP ratio. CAMKK1 can also phosphorylate Thr-183, but at much lower lvel. Dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A and 2C (PP2A and PP2C). Phosphorylated by ULK1 and ULK2; leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity and suggesting the existence of a regulatory feedback loop between ULK1, ULK2 and AMPK. Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. Database links: Entrez Gene: 5562 Human Entrez Gene: 5563 Human Entrez Gene: 105787 Mouse Entrez Gene: 108079 Mouse Entrez Gene: 65248 Rat Entrez Gene: 78975 Rat Omim: 600497 Human Omim: 602739 Human SwissProt: P49642 Human SwissProt: P54646 Human SwissProt: Q13131 Human SwissProt: Q5EG47 Mouse SwissProt: Q8BRK8 Mouse SwissProt: P54645 Rat SwissProt: Q09137 Rat Unigene: 43322 Human Unigene: 437039 Human Unigene: 207004 Mouse Unigene: 48638 Mouse Unigene: 64583 Rat Unigene: 87789 Rat Important Note: This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.

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