Product Name	Phospho-Tuberin (Ser1418)
Chinese Name	磷酸化结节性硬化蛋白抗体
Alias	TSC2(phospho S1418); Tuberin (Phospho Ser1418); Tuberin (Phospho S1418); Phospho-TSC2 (Ser1418); P-Tuberin/TSC2 (Ser1418); P-TSC2 (Ser1418); TSC2; FLJ43106; LAM; TSC2_HUMAN; TSC4; Tuberous sclerosis 2; Tuberous sclerosis 2 protein; Tuberous sclerosis 2 protein homolog.
Product Type	Phosphorylated anti
Research Area	Tumour  immunology  Neurobiology
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human, Mouse, Rat,  (predicted: Chicken, Dog, Pig, Cow, Horse, )
Applications	ELISA=1:5000-10000 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 Flow-Cyt=1ug/Test IF=1:100-500 （Paraffin sections need antigen repair） not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Theoretical molecular weight	200kDa
Cellular localization	cytoplasmic The cell membrane
Form	Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated Synthesised phosphopeptide derived from human Tuberin around the phosphorylation site of Ser1418: AR(p-S)QS
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Buffer Solution	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Attention	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
PubMed	PubMed
Product Detail	Tuberin, or TSC2 (Tuberous sclerosis complex), is implicated as a tumor suppressor. It may function in vesicular transport, and may also play a role in the regulation of cell growth arrest and in the regulation of transcription mediated by steroid receptors. Interaction between hamartin (TSC1) and tuberin may facilitate vesicular docking. It specifically stimulates the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Ras related protein RAP1A and RAB5, suggesting a possible mechanism for its role in regulating cellular growth. Mutations in tuberin lead to constitutive activation of RAP1A in tumors. At least three isoforms of Tuberin exist. Function: In complex with TSC1, inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling. Acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase RHEB, a direct activator of the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Implicated as a tumor suppressor. Involved in microtubule-mediated protein transport, but this seems to be due to unregulated mTOR signaling. Stimulates weakly the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Ras-related proteins RAP1A and RAB5 in vitro. Mutations in TSC2 lead to constitutive activation of RAP1A in tumors. Subunit: Interacts with TSC1 and HERC1; the interaction with TSC1 stabilizes TSC2 and prevents the interaction with HERC1. May also interact with the adapter molecule RABEP1. The final complex contains TSC2 and RABEP1 linked to RAB5 (Probable). Interacts with HSPA1 and HSPA8. Interacts with DAPK1. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=At steady state found in association with membranes. Tissue Specificity: Liver, brain, heart, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, biliary epithelium, pancreas, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung and placenta. Post-translational modifications: Phosphorylation at Ser-1387, Ser-1418 or Ser-1420 does not affect interaction with TSC1. Phosphorylation at Ser-939 and Thr-1462 by PKB/AKT1 is induced by growth factor stimulation. Phosphorylation by AMPK activates it and leads to negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex. Phosphorylated at Ser-1798 by RPS6KA1; phosphorylation inhibits TSC2 ability to suppress mTORC1 signaling. Phosphorylated by DAPK1. DISEASE: Defects in TSC2 are the cause of tuberous sclerosis type 2 (TSC2) [MIM:613254]. TSC2 is an autosomal dominant multi-system disorder that affects especially the brain, kidneys, heart, and skin. It is characterized by hamartomas (benign overgrowths predominantly of a cell or tissue type that occurs normally in the organ) and hamartias (developmental abnormalities of tissue combination). Clinical symptoms can range from benign hypopigmented macules of the skin to profound mental retardation with intractable seizures to premature death from a variety of disease-associated causes. Defects in TSC2 are a cause of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) [MIM:606690]. LAM is a progressive and often fatal lung disease characterized by a diffuse proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle cells in the lungs. It affects almost exclusively young women and can occur as an isolated disorder or in association with tuberous sclerosis complex. Similarity: Contains 1 Rap-GAP domain. SWISS: P49815 Gene ID: 7249 Database links: Entrez Gene: 7249 Human Entrez Gene: 22084 Mouse Entrez Gene: 24855 Rat Omim: 191092 Human SwissProt: P49815 Human SwissProt: Q61037 Mouse SwissProt: P49816 Rat Unigene: 90303 Human Unigene: 30435 Mouse Unigene: 5875 Rat Tuberin 为180kD-220的蛋白产生于结节性硬化（TSC-2）位于染色体16的基因。结节性硬化为常染色体疾病已知为斑痣性错构瘤病其特征为广泛性发展呈良性生长，在许多组织与器官中描述为错构瘤。Tuberin被认为在GTPase活动性蛋白中起作用调节细胞内吞与作为Tumour抑制子。Tuberin低水平广泛性表达在大多数组织中，而在皮层神经元、小脑浦肯野氏细胞、脊索运动神经元、胰岛B细胞、心肌、肾脏与皮肤的小血管中表达增加。
Product Picture	Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Mouse brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Phospho-Tuberin(Ser1418)) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL5612R) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining. Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Phospho-Tuberin(Ser1418)) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL5612R) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining. Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Rat liver); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (Phospho-Tuberin(Ser1418)) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SL5612R) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining. Blank control（black line）:NIH/3T3. Primary Antibody (green line): Rabbit Anti-Phospho-Tuberin (Ser1418) antibody (SL5612R) Dilution:1ug/Test; Secondary Antibody（white blue line）: Goat anti-rabbit IgG-AF488 Dilution: 0.5ug/Test. Isotype control（orange line）: Normal Rabbit IgG Protocol The cells were fixed with 4% PFA (10min at room temperature)and then permeabilized with 90% ice-cold methanol for 20 min at -20℃, The cells were then incubated in 5%BSA to block non-specific protein-protein interactions for 30 min at room temperature .Cells stained with Primary Antibody for 30 min at room temperature. The secondary antibody used for 40 min at room temperature. Acquisition of 20,000 events was performed. Blank control（black line）:Hela. Primary Antibody (green line): Rabbit Anti-Phospho-Tuberin (Ser1418) antibody (SL5612R) Dilution:1ug/Test; Secondary Antibody（white blue line）: Goat anti-rabbit IgG-AF488 Dilution: 0.5ug/Test. Isotype control（orange line）: Normal Rabbit IgG Protocol The cells were fixed with 4% PFA (10min at room temperature)and then permeabilized with 90% ice-cold methanol for 20 min at -20℃, The cells were then incubated in 5%BSA to block non-specific protein-protein interactions for 30 min at room temperature .Cells stained with Primary Antibody for 30 min at room temperature. The secondary antibody used for 40 min at room temperature. Acquisition of 20,000 events was performed.

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