Product Name	Beta Tubulin
Chinese Name	微管蛋白抗体
Alias	Beta 4 tubulin; Tubulin-beta; Tubulin beta; Beta 5 tubulin; BetaTubulin; Beta-Tubulin; dJ40E16.7; TUBB; TUBB2; TUBB2A; TUBB5; tubulin beta 2A; Tubulin beta chain; Tubulin beta-5 chain; TUBB4A; TUBB4; Tubulin 5 beta; Tubulin beta-4 chain; TBB4A_HUMAN; Tubulin beta-4A chain.  Tubulin β.
literatures	Specific References  (8)     |     SL0715R has been referenced in 8 publications. [IF=16.988] Wu Yutong. et al. Osteoclast-Derived Apoptotic Bodies Inhibit Naive Cd8 T Cell Activation via Siglec15 Promoting Breast Cancer Secondary Metastasis. Cell Reports Medicine. 2022 Nov 03  WB ;  Mouse.   PubMed:10.2139/ssrn.4255228 [IF=14.957] Zhanwei Zhou. et al. Pore forming–mediated intracellular protein delivery for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. SCI ADV. 2022 Nov;  WB ;  Mouse.   PubMed:36399575 [IF=7.109] Wu Yutong. et al. Reduced osteoclast-derived apoptotic bodies in bone marrow characterizes the pathological progression of osteoporosis. CELL DEATH DISCOV. 2023 Apr;9(1):1-9   PubMed:37185334 [IF=7.051] Zhao, Binggong. et al. USP13 promotes breast cancer metastasis through FBXL14-induced Twist1 ubiquitination. CELL ONCOL. 2023 Feb;:1-17  WB ;  Human.   PubMed:36732432 [IF=5.173] Yan Lin. et al. FADD phosphorylation contributes to development of renal fibrosis by accelerating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CELL CYCLE. 2022 Oct 24  WB ;  Mouse.   PubMed:36281535 [IF=3.287] Keliang Song. et al. Knocking down Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cells inhibits proliferation while promoting apoptosis and pyroptosis by targeting the Siglec-15/STAT3/Bcl-2 pathway. ADV MED SCI-POLAND. Adv Med Sci-Poland. 2022 Sep;67:187  WB ;  Human.   PubMed:35398779 [IF=3.139] Sheng Qin. et al. BmAbl1 Regulates Silk Protein Synthesis via Glutathione Metabolism in Bombyx mori. INSECTS. 2022 Nov;13(11):967  WB ;  Bombyx mori.   PubMed:36354792 [IF=2.985] Genghua Chen. et al. Transcriptome profile analysis reveals KLHL30 as an essential regulator for myoblast differentiation. Biochem Bioph Res Co. 2021 Jun;559:84  WB ;  Chicken.   PubMed:33933993
Research Area	Cell biology  immunology  Neurobiology  Cytoskeleton
Immunogen Species	Rabbit
Clonality	Polyclonal
React Species	Human, Mouse, Rat,
Applications	WB=1:500-2000 ELISA=1:5000-10000 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 Flow-Cyt=1μg/Test IF=1:100-500 （Paraffin sections need antigen repair） not yet tested in other applications. optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Theoretical molecular weight	50kDa
Cellular localization	cytoplasmic
Form	Liquid
Concentration	1mg/ml
immunogen	KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Tubulin-Beta: 31-130/444
Lsotype	IgG
Purification	affinity purified by Protein A
Buffer Solution	0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.03% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.
Storage	Shipped at 4℃. Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Attention	This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
PubMed	PubMed
Product Detail	Microtubules are constituent parts of the mitotic apparatus, cilia, flagella, and elements of the cytoskeleton. They consist principally of 2 soluble proteins, alpha- and beta-tubulin, each of about 55,000 kDa. Antibodies against beta Tubulin are useful as loading controls for Western Blotting. However it should be noted that levels of beta Tubulin may not be stable in certain cells. For example, expression of tubulin in adipose tissue is very low (Spiegelman and Farmer, Cell, 1982, 29(1):53-60) and therefore beta Tubulin should not be used as loading control for these tissues. Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Subunit: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. May interact with RNABP10. Interacts with PIFO. Interacts with MX1. Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in spleen, thymus and immature brain. Post-translational modifications: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated. This modification occurs exclusively on glutamate residues and results in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Also monoglycylated but not polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of such modifications is still unclear but they regulate the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules (Probable). Similarity: Belongs to the tubulin family. SWISS: Q13509 Gene ID: 203068 Database links: Entrez Gene: 396254 Chicken Entrez Gene: 203068 Human Entrez Gene: 380418 Xenopus laevis Omim: 191130 Human SwissProt: P07437 Human SwissProt: P99024 Mouse SwissProt: Q767L7 Pig SwissProt: P69897 Rat SwissProt: Q91575 Xenopus laevis Unigene: 636480 Human Unigene: 706187 Human Unigene: 714425 Human Unigene: 46552 Xenopus laevis 结构蛋白（Structural Proteins） tubulin是一种大量存在于哺乳动物脑组织中的微管亚基蛋白，在结构上是由两个极为相近的α和β亚基组成的二聚体、多聚体形成微管细丝，是微管的主要成分。 微管蛋白是球形分子, 有两种类型:α微管蛋白(α-tubulin)货号：SL0195R和β微管蛋白(β-tubulin), 这两种微管蛋白具有相似的三维结构, 能够紧密地结合成二聚体, 作为微管组装的亚基。 α亚基由450个氨基酸组成, β亚基是由455个氨基酸组成, 这两种亚基有35～40%的氨基酸序列同源, 表明编码它们的基因可能是由同一原始祖先演变而来.
Product Picture	Sample: Cerebrum (Rat) Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti- Beta Tubulin (SL0715R) at 1/300 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 50 kD Observed band size: 50 kD Sample: Cerebrum (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug Primary: Anti-Beta Tubulin (SL0715R) at 1/300 dilution Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution Predicted band size: 50 kD Observed band size: 50 kD Tissue/cell: human lung carcinoma; 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded; Antigen retrieval: citrate buffer ( 0.01M, pH 6.0 ), Boiling bathing for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% Hydrogen peroxide for 30min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum,C-0005) at 37∩ for 20 min; Incubation: Anti-Tubulin-Beta Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated(SL0715R) 1:200, overnight at 4∑C, followed by conjugation to the secondary antibody(SP-0023) and DAB(C-0010) staining Blank control (blue line): Hela Primary Antibody (green line): Rabbit Anti-Beta Tubulin antibody (SL0715R) Dilution: 1μg /10^6 cells; Isotype Control Antibody (orange line): Rabbit IgG . Secondary Antibody (white blue line): Goat anti-rabbit IgG-FITC Dilution: 1μg /test. Protocol The cells were fixed with 70% ethanol (Overnight at 4℃) and then permeabilized with 90% ice-cold methanol for 30 min on ice. Cells stained with Primary Antibody for 30 min at room temperature. The cells were then incubated in 1 X PBS/2%BSA/10% goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody for 15 min at room temperature. The secondary antibody used for 40 min at room temperature. Acquisition of 20,000 events was performed.

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